Monday, March 23, 2020

7. Levels of Self: Levels of Reality (C)

H3 (Higher 3) - Null (Nondual)



Q. We now come to the third of the higher levels. Once again what are the key characteristics of this level?


PC In accordance with the approach I am adopting, we move closer here to a purely contemplative awareness of reality. Therefore inherent in this contemplative vision is the experience of both - what from a dualistic perspective are - the internal (psychological) and external (physical) poles of reality as identical in Spirit.

However form does still exist in an extremely refined manner where both the conscious and unconscious aspects of phenomena that arise are acknowledged.

In other words every phenomenon now has both a real (conscious) and imaginary (unconscious) - projected as indirectly conscious - identity.

The very realisation of these two aspects itself reflects the increasingly rapid yet smooth dynamic interaction arising from significant erosion of the symbols through which they are mediated.

Remember that this level is characterised by the fundamental relationship as between the polarities of form and emptiness.
Therefore from the perspective of form, we have structures that are increasingly psychophysical (due to established recognition of the complementarity of both aspects in experience).
From the perspective of emptiness however, the level is characterised by growing contemplative absorption in a state approaching pure emptiness.


Q. You refer to this third set of polarities (i.e. form and emptiness) as diagonal. What do you mean by this? 


PC  At H1, we have the interaction of the horizontal polarities (external and internal) that operate within a given level. Then at H2, we have the additional interaction of the vertical polarities (whole and part) that operate between various levels. However it is in the nature of personality that initially there may be a bias in one direction. Thus for example, because some are basically introverts and other extraverts, there can be undue emphasis at H1 on just one side of integration. So an introvert will attempt to integrate the external (physical) aspect of reality with respect to the - relatively - stronger internal (psychological) side, whereas the extravert by contrast will attempt to integrate the internal aspect with respect to the stronger external side.

Then at H2 the more cognitively oriented personality may typically attempt to integrate the various nondual states of emptiness from the perspective of established dynamic structures of form whereas the affective type may tend to be more states led (with perhaps insufficient grounding in the formal structures of each level). Whereas the former approach can be associated with too much stability (and consequent rigidity) the latter can lead to very rapid change in states (and consequent instability).

Thus there is need to balance extremes both horizontally and vertically, for each personality to function properly and the precise mix that is required to do this will vary considerably depending on circumstances.


In general the nature of integration at H3 requires that the horizontal aspect of a higher level (as stage of self or reality) be balanced by the corresponding opposite aspect of the complementary lower level; also that the vertical aspect of the higher (i.e. as structure or state) be balanced by the opposite characteristic at the lower.

So for example, one with a strong intellectual capacity for objective interpretation of the dynamic structures of form at H3 would require continual practice in attaining equal capacity for interior understanding of the most primitive affective instincts (associated with L3).

Thus the process of attempted reconciliation is now diagonal in that it simultaneously attempts to reconcile opposites in both horizontal and vertical terms.



Q. Can you briefly clarify again the holistic mathematical rationale of this level? 


PC H3 is defined in terms of the eight roots of unity. As already seen the two real roots (+ 1 and – 1) define the horizontal relationship between the opposite polarities of (conscious) form (internal and external). The two imaginary roots (+ i and – i) in turn define the vertical relationship as between the opposite polarities of (unconscious) form (whole and part).
Now the four additional complex roots 1/√2(1 + i), 1/√2(1 – i), 1/√2(– 1 + i) and 1/√2(– 1 – i) define the two diagonal relationships as between opposite polarities of form and emptiness (that are simultaneously both conscious and unconscious respectively).

As we have seen experience at this stage is now so refined that all phenomena have both conscious and unconscious aspects that ceaselessly interact with each other. Because of this interaction, attachment to either aspect is so eroded that phenomena that arise become increasingly short-lived.

In other words experience approaches closer to a state of pure emptiness. Remarkably this is apparent in the mathematical representation, for the diagonal lines that are represented by complex numbers (with equal real and imaginary parts) have an alternative explanation as null lines (with a magnitude of zero).

Thus, inherent in these roots is an interpretation of the unification of form and emptiness. In other words when the recognition of form approximates its most refined expression i.e. with both real (conscious) and imaginary (unconscious) aspects in perfect balance without attachment, then this coincides with the pure experience of emptiness (as Spirit).


Q. Once again because we are exploring each level with respect to both reality and self(hood) can you explain the unique physical significance of H3?


PC  When properly understood - in the context of the scientific understanding appropriate to the stage - the mathematical structure of this level provide a unique means of appreciating the holistic nature of the physical forces. Furthermore it provides a compelling means for interpretation of the ultimate state (before the appearance of phenomena) where these forces are fully symmetrical and unified.

However it is in the very nature of such an explanation that it is closer to philosophical than - what is conventionally understood as - scientific appreciation.

If we take the electromagnetic force to illustrate, exemplified by physical light, we see that its true nature is highly mysterious.

Indeed one of the features that has puzzled physicists for some time is the dual manner of how light manifests itself in nature i.e. its wave-particle complementarity.

Thus from one perspective, light can be observed as composed of waves; however from another equally valid perspective, it can be seen to be made up of individual particles viz. photons.   

Thus in a partial context - where the frame of observational reference is arbitrarily fixed - light is made up of either waves or particles. However in a holistic context, which allows for the dynamic interaction of both frames, then light is composed of both waves and particles.

Interestingly therefore in the partial observational context where one sole aspect is consciously observed the opposite aspect - in this context - remains hidden from the observer.

Putting it in more mathematical terms, the aspect which is observed in this partial manner is “real” while the aspect remaining hidden from the observer is “imaginary”.

And what is “real” or “imaginary” keeps switching as the observational frame of reference likewise switches.
So when light is revealed as particles (i.e. photons) this manifest aspect is thereby “real” with the corresponding wave aspect now “imaginary”.
However when the observational frame of reference switches so that light is now revealed as waves, this - now manifest - aspect is “real” with the corresponding particle aspect “imaginary”.
Thus what is “real” and “imaginary” with respect to conscious observation continually alters depending on context.

However when we look at light from a more holistic perspective (where it is not directly observed) it reveals a very mysterious identity indeed as null lines.

In other words light now defies finite measurement travelling an infinite distance in zero time. So in its inherent state (travelling at its own speed) light is literally empty (i.e. nothing in phenomenal terms).

Now the complex roots of unity (which define the structure of H3) define this nature of light very well.

On the one hand from the perspective of form, light can be seen to have equal real and imaginary aspects, which in a dynamic interpretation keep switching between one another i.e. wave and particle aspects respectively.

However equally from the perspective of emptiness, these roots, which in geometrical terms are represented by diagonal lines (at a 45o angle to both horizontal and vertical axes) can be seen as null lines = 0 (with no magnitude).

Though we have dealt with this before in relation to L3, it is in the very nature of H3 understanding that both of these explanations (of form and emptiness) are now reconciled. So, true enhanced appreciation of the physical structures of L3 is inseparable from corresponding psychological understanding of the complementary “higher” level of H3.


Q Just a brief interjection here! I can perhaps appreciate the significance of the real and imaginary units of form (i.e. 1 and i) in these roots. However what about 1/1/√2 by which they are all multiplied?


PC Good question! You may remember that √2 - which is the best known of the (algebraic) irrational numbers - symbolises above all the paradoxical nature of circular two-dimensional understanding when expressed in reduced linear (i.e. one-dimensional) format. Thus in terms of the either/or reasoning that typifies linear reason, both/and understanding seems irrational.

Therefore because such circular holistic understanding is embodied in the very nature of imaginary understanding (as projected from the unconscious) it thereby is irrational (i.e. paradoxical) in terms of real (i.e. linear analytic) understanding.

So in mixing “real” and “imaginary” understanding, as it were, we are attempting to combine two aspects (which are strictly incompatible in terms of each other). Likewise in attempting to mix the wave and particle aspects of light we are again combining two aspects that are likewise incompatible.

So just as this reconciliation of opposing forms of understanding (conscious and unconscious) can only be ultimately reconciled in the emptiness of pure Spirit, likewise the reconciliation of the opposing aspects of light can likewise be only reconciled in the emptiness of pure matter (i.e.. before phenomenal manifestation).


Q. How do the other physical forces fit into this interpretation?   


PC Basically they all have the same holistic mathematical structure. In other words each force can manifest itself in the form of waves or particles. Also in the holistic sense - when it travels at light speed (or perhaps force speed) - it has no means of manifesting itself in finite terms.

So if we are looking at the original super symmetry of forces before manifestation in nature, we can say that they it is accurately characterised by the four diagonal (i.e. complex) roots of unity.

In the time of Einstein there were two principle forces i.e. electromagnetic and gravitational. The two “new” forces i.e. weak and strong respectively can perhaps be best viewed as internal manifestations of these two other forces respectively. Thus the weak is like an electromagnetic force operating within matter and revealed through breakdown e.g. radioactive decay. The strong force is then like an internalised form of gravity which is extremely powerful over short distances within the nucleus
Then the electromagnetic and weak and also gravitational and strong would be connected by the horizontal (internal-external) polarities.
The electromagnetic (and weak) and gravitational (and strong) would then be connected through the vertical (whole-part) polarities.

However in a super symmetrical state - where all the forces would be identical - it would not strictly matter in what direction these complementary connections are taken.


Q You would maintain that the complementarity of these forces in a sense is even obvious in terms of the use of ordinary language? 


PC Yes! As we have seen natural light is one important manifestation of the electromagnetic force. Also we recognise that the feeling of weight (heaviness) comes from gravity. So we have here the direct contrast as between what is light and heavy respectively.

Also the very terms to describe the two “new” forces i.e. weak and strong (nuclear) are themselves complementary opposites.  


Q. So what would be the corresponding psychological equivalent to the four physical forces?


This is indeed very interesting! Just as the physical forces manifest themselves under two aspects, likewise this is true with respect to the spiritual “forces” i.e. in the manner in which Spirit visibly manifests itself through nature i.e. immanence and transcendence.

So just as the forces in physical terms act as the bridge connecting - what are manifested as - (whole) dimensions and (part) phenomena, likewise the “forces” in spiritual terms provide the basic source of all motivation in experience likewise acting as the bridge connecting psychological experience of concepts (dimensions) and perceptions (specific phenomena).  

And spiritual light can be seen in finite manifestations to have both wave and particle aspects. Generally the wave aspect is identified with a more general light in the transcendent experience of Spirit (with specific phenomena eroded from awareness).

So insofar as the experience is transcendent, the specific phenomena (i.e. particle aspect) remain hidden;
However this is reversed with the immanent experience where spiritual light - relatively - is directly revealed through specific phenomena.

So now the particle aspect directly manifests itself while the more universal transcendent experience remains hidden.

Thus the immanent and transcendent aspects of spiritual light directly correspond - in complementary structural fashion - to the particle and wave aspects of physical light respectively.

Likewise in its infinite nature (without finite manifestation) spiritual light has an empty (null) nature. In the transmission of light only the present moment exists. In other words it travels an infinite distance in zero time.

We have already seen that the Spirit e.g. in the experience of the “dark night” also has a psychological gravitational aspect (where the dimensional aspect of reality implodes).

And both transcendent and immanent aspects can readily be seen to manifest themselves in an external and internal manner.


Just as with the physical forces, these four manifestations of Spirit i.e. the external and internal aspects of transcendence and immanence respectively bear complementary relationships with each other, so that in the super symmetrical state of pure union (without any phenomenal manifestation) they are identical in Spirit.


And finally both the physical and spiritual forces bear strong complementary relationships with each other in horizontal, vertical and diagonal terms.

So in the same contemplative experience where the four manifestations of Spirit are unified the four physical forces are likely unified in the pure experience that simultaneously embraces the potentiality for phenomenal creation (before phenomenal manifestation) and the fulfilment of this same creation (beyond any phenomena). 



Q This holistic scientific explanation you are offering operates mainly in cognitive terms. What about affective and volitional aspects?


PC As always the volitional aspect is central being essential to bring about the harmony of phenomenal opposites (in either affective or cognitive terms). Likewise it is the very interaction of affective and cognitive aspects that enables the corresponding interaction of real and imaginary aspects of understanding. So this implies a successful holistic scientific appreciation of reality at this level intimately depends on the corresponding successful integration of both the cognitive and affective aspects of personality.


Upper (Intermediate) Levels



We now move on to the next (intermediary) band of levels which represent both the further refinement and completion of the previous level and the corresponding preparation for the unfolding of the radial levels.


H3L3 (Higher 3 Lower 3) – Pure Transcendence


Q. How does the experience of this level with respect to physical and psychological aspects differ from the previous level?


PC Basically we are moving here from a relationship which involves aspects of both (phenomenal) form and (spiritual) emptiness to one where only emptiness remains. More correctly what this entails is that the experience of phenomenal form now becomes so refined (with residual attachment significantly eroded) that it no longer seems to arise in experience. Thus we have the relationship of extremely dynamic - and short-lived - phenomena of form with emptiness. However this process is not immediately perfected.

At this level, a lingering attachment to the superiority of emptiness over form still remains. In other words the transcendent aspect of reality (i.e. as Spirit beyond created phenomena) still dominates to an extent over the corresponding immanent aspect (of Spirit as within all created phenomena).

What this entails is that remaining voluntary attachment to Spirit (as emptiness) is associated with a compensating involuntary attachment to phenomena (as rigid form).

Thus the pure realisation of form and emptiness is not yet possible. In other words fully balancing the physical and psychological aspects of reality requires that the transcendent and immanent aspects of Spirit be likewise fully balanced.



H3L3 – R0  (Higher H3L3 – Radial 0) - Transcendence and Immanence 


Q. And what happens at this level?


PC Basically it entails the gradual erosion of remaining attachment to the “superior” transcendent aspect of experience. This in turn lessens involuntary attachment to the “inferior” immanent aspect.
Then the fully balanced contemplative experience of pure Spirit (as emptiness) can take place without rigid attachment to the refined phenomena of form continually arising.

This also entails that a decisive turning point now takes place whereby a self- conscious need for further purgation - that necessarily moves one away from active engagement with the World - ceases. In other words the acceptance of appropriate cleansing in experience becomes better established in the personality (under the instinctive guidance of the volitional capacity). Put another way one’s will now is more fully united with the will of God.

This means in effect that the slow preparation for the movement out of the Spirit into the world of form (created anew in the light of this pure Spirit) can now meaningfully take place.

Thus though in many ways this represents the most passive of all levels with continual experience of an absorbing void (potentially representing the world of created physical form) in visible terms there is yet no significant change in evidence.


Q So can you now give the full interpretation of contemplative union in terms of both the psychological and physical aspects of reality at this stage?


PC From a transcendent perspective it entails the union of the self (psychological) with Spirit i.e. as the goal or destiny (omega point) of one’s existence.

However equally it entails in experience the union of the whole cosmic universe (physical) with Spirit. So strictly speaking in contemplative union there is no distinction as between the evolution of the personal self or the impersonal world of matter as in truth both have now arrived - through intimate interaction - at the same destiny in Spirit.

However from the immanent perspective - in relative terms - we now journey back as it were to the very beginning of the self to realise in an enhanced manner its total dependence as source on Spirit. This represents the Alpha point therefore of psychological creation.

Equally in the same experiential moment, one journeys back to the origins of all created matter in the physical Universe again in the realisation of its total dependence as Source on Spirit.

So using dualistic language, pure contemplative experience (that arises in the continual present moment) requires clear realisation of the total dependence of personal self and impersonal world with respect to both their origin as source and completion as goal in Spirit.



R0  (Radial 0) – Emptiness as Form


Q So what further changes take place at this stage?


PC Due to consolidation of this constant state of contemplative awareness (the extent required of which will depend on individual circumstances) one learns to relax more in the Spirit. This in turn gradually frees the Spirit to flow from the unconscious back into a world of newly created physical reality (revealed though the light of pure consciousness).

Though there is not much in experience of visible manifest phenomena, the slow dawning of a background spiritual light returns which leads to an easing of one’s day to day activities.

This in fact implicitly entails an extremely holistic universal type of cosmic form which gradually facilitates one’s involvement at a local level. However there can still remain - especially where the contemplative type of mysticism is involved - a significant gap between the universal scope of one’s vision and its expression in practical terms.



Radial  Levels



We now finally move on to the radial levels proper where the full mature interpenetration of a deeply contemplative vision combined with fully committed action in the world can gradually takes place.


R1 (Radial 1) – Spiritual Rebirth


Q. What is the special relationship as between the physical and psychological aspects of reality at this level?


PC They are in fact still extremely closely related. This is why the level can be associated with the birth of the radial or cosmic bodyself which is an intimate experience of breathing in and out the life of the Spirit through a body that is now identified as inseparable from all phenomenal creation.  

Bearing in mind that I am dealing with development from the standpoint of the passive type where the contemplative dimension - relatively - undergoes an extreme degree of specialisation, R1 is still largely characterised by an empty physical state (where physical and psychological aspects are identical).

However we have the emergence of a new kind of understanding based on the gradual separation of the diagonal polarities (form and emptiness). Just as these polarities were the last to be integrated (before contemplative union), likewise they are the first to separate at this radial stage.

What this entails is that phenomenal experience both at global and local levels still remains very closely tied to the direct promptings of Spirit (with little active use of cognitive, affective or volitional faculties used). However as at the previous level there still can be a considerable gap as between the universal contemplative vision, permanently informing experience, and the somewhat restricted local expression of this vision. 

As I have maintained for some time that I am attempting a (preliminary) Radial 1 approach with respect to outlining the stages of development, perhaps it would be instructive to explain a little more regarding what this means.


Radial 1 understanding best facilitates an overall holistic approach to development where the fundamental dynamic structure of all levels can be clearly encoded.

Moreover in scientific terms, this encoding has a distinctive mathematical character. 

1 is the holistic symbol of form (i.e. the experience of form always implicitly entails the recognition of oneness) whereas 0 is the holistic symbol of emptiness (i.e. the dynamic notion of nothingness that serves as the potential for all created form).

Radial 1 - as I define it - is based on the gradual separation of the diagonal polarities (i.e. of form and emptiness) following their substantial reconciliation in contemplative union).

So the very scientific approach I use to delineate the structures of all levels is of a mathematical character based on the holistic interpretation of the binary digits 1 and 0.

So the spiritual light of R1 which is very passive in nature i.e. of exceptionally long wavelength and corresponding low frequency, is ideal for facilitating reflection on the most universal features of development (without distraction from more localised phenomena).

In other words though it facilitates a very general type of linear expression - necessary to communicate the scientific nature of integral developmental structures - it is still far more closely related to contemplation than reason.

However once again insofar as the structures of development are presented in an objective manner (though in truth reflecting intense subjective reflection) there is the first radial separation of what is external and internal. 


Q However you believe that despite what has been achieved in some ways experience at this level can remain very limited. Can you explain?


PC Again I am dealing with just one type of possible development (where an extreme degree of specialisation takes place with respect to the contemplative dimension).

Because of perhaps considerable confinement in the dark depths of the unconscious, over a lengthy period of time, one can lose significant touch with “normal” reality. Though there is now some slight easing with respect to one’s former situation, paradoxically it is only now (in view of this light) that one can appreciate how limited one’s experience has actually become.

It is futile therefore - from an overall perspective - to think of oneself as “better” or “worse” than others. Though one may in certain respects have talents that are more strongly developed than others, specialisation with respect to these talents entails less development in many other areas. This is why genuine humility - which is the special hallmark of successful development at this stage - is so necessary to maintain balance and perspective without ever being especially elated or discouraged by one’s achievements (or any one’s else’s either!).


So at this level an ability to reflect on the universal dimensions of reality may contrast sharply with one’s capacity to become actively involved in this reality.

I will use a simple analogy that might help. When one enters a cinema initially it may seem so dark that one has difficulty in determining one’s surroundings. It is like this somewhat as one traverses the higher contemplative levels. Then after a while as one adjusts to this new darkness, general landmarks and objects become more visible around one (without yet being seen in proper light).

Likewise at this level because of the adjustment that has now taken place with respect to the contemplative stages, one can “see” a little better around one (but not yet in a proper light). Thus at a local level one perform tasks and responsibilities within one’s immediate radius of competence (as it were). However the limited nature of such activity can contrast sharply with the universal dimensions of the contemplative vision.

So this remains the challenge throughout the radial levels i.e. to achieve a more fitting active expression of an overall vision that is deeply contemplative.


Q. Before leaving this level, as it is one of your special concerns can you say something briefly regarding the distinctive nature of science that is associated with this level?


PC Though we are now embarking on the radial levels entailing the balanced combination of both linear (analytic) and circular (holistic) understanding, again coming from the strongly contemplative direction, R1 is still more holistic than analytic in character.

In other words R1 is especially suited for clarification of the fundamental holistic features relating to all the major stages of development with the appropriate analytic ability (now restored) to convey these in a clear objective fashion.

So once more it follows from such understanding that distinctive paradigms (or rather metaparadigms) of science are associated with each of the major levels. The special quality of R1 is then an ability to clarify the philosophical nature of each of these metaparadigms (including in diminished manner the more advanced radial levels) and then convey the general nature of the scientific approach associated with each level.   

So the scientific approach of R1 is of an especially integrative nature in that it explicitly can recognise the valid role for a wide variety of scientific approaches (reflecting the corresponding understanding of the various levels of the overall spectrum of understanding).

The fundamental basis of R1 scientific understanding is the recognition of the “Theory of Everything” in the manner that ultimate reality - in physical and psychological terms - is fundamentally governed by the operation of three sets of polar opposites (that are complementary or separate depending on circumstances).

So or example with respect to Physics, the Theory of Everything - which can be given a coherent mathematical interpretation in terms of the holistic interpretation of the binary digits 1 and 0 - serves as the appropriate means for the integral interpretation of the relationship as between forces, dimensions and distinct object phenomena.

However, because analytic - as opposed to holistic understanding - is based on the separation of these same opposites, its observed relationships increasingly exhibit asymmetrical features. The task then is to preserve the nature of increasingly detailed analytic inquiry (where poles become separated) with an overall integrative holistic approach (where they are understood as complementary).

And this requires a new kind of complex science where both the real (analytic) and imaginary (holistic) aspects are explicitly incorporated with each other.
Put another way it requires a scientific approach where rational analytic inquiry is simultaneously imbued with a deeply contemplative appreciation of reality.     


So this task starts with R1. Again though a proper integrative framework for scientific investigation has now been set, the approach is still much more contemplative than rational.



Q And presumably this thinking would permeate a Radial 1 scientific approach in relation to any other discipline e.g. Economics? 


PC Yes indeed! Though analysis of any economic issue for example necessarily entails the separation of polarities (such as objective and subjective) leading to asymmetrical type relationships, at a deeper level these poles are complementary and ultimately identical. So a radial approach requires the ready facility to keep switching as between two distinct types of understanding that are not directly compatible in terms of each other. Though again at this stage, such switching takes place in a somewhat limited fashion (where the relatively independent role of reason is still somewhat restricted)!



R2 (Radial 2) - Mature Vision


Q Once again bearing in mind that we are still chiefly interested in the special relationship as between the physical and psychological manifestations of this stage can you now outline the main features of R2 (from your particular perspective)?


PC R2 entails in fully mature fashion - what can be referred to as - the rebirth of the emotional self. In other words, affective experience that had long since been deadened of any active expression due to a long felt need for continual purification of ones deepest emotional instincts is now gradually rekindled in a universal feeling of compassion for suffering humanity.

Thus the suffering that one may have long silently endured in a deeply inward fashion (especially with respect to the affective dimension) now finds a different focus as experience of the suffering that is universal with respect to all mankind. And the gradual discovery of this active social dimension to suffering is experienced as a generalised feeling of universal compassion for all creation.

However, once again the existential dimension is experienced more keenly than ever in that one’s active ability to communicate such compassion in contingent local circumstances may still be very restricted. So there always remains the ultimately irreconcilable dilemma that what potentially speaks of the universal and infinite can only be actively channelled in a necessarily limited finite manner.

This highlights the key feature of R2 which represents the attempt to bridge more adequately the relationship as between whole and part (and part and whole) with respect to all one’s experience. Thus one increasingly experiences the need to express the contemplative vision (of what is universal and whole) in a relevant -  though necessarily limited - active manner relating to contingent finite aspects of overall reality.  


So the harmony which has been largely attained with respect of the reconciliation of whole and part in a contemplative manner now extends to the growing attempt to achieve this same harmony in active terms.

In other words the task now is to marry the contemplative vision to an active involvement with reality in the most fruitful manner possible.

And of course this equally entails successfully balancing both the physical and psychological aspects of experience.
Too much emphasis for example with respect to the (external) physical dimensions of the world would gradually erode one’s established contemplative equilibrium. Equally however any attempt to maintain such equilibrium while ignoring the need for active involvement would be now doomed to failure. So again the important requirement is to find an appropriate balance – which is unique to each individual - as between both aspects.    


I have referred to this stage as “Mature Vision". Just as in secular life e.g. various sports, high achievement is usually preceded by a long-held dream of eventual success, likewise in spiritual terms. So often especially with a gifted proponent a clear view may form during this stage of what particular activity (or activities) can best express the contemplative vision. This then can act in turn as a considerable catalyst for any necessary further transformation required to fulfil that special dream.

      

Q.  Given that your main intention in this approach of the stages of development is the adoption of an appropriate scientific approach (based on an enhanced appreciation of mathematical symbols) can we now deal with the specific cognitive aspect of R2!. How does it manifest itself at this level?           


PC From a cognitive perspective a greatly enlarged vision of radial science now becomes possible. What this means in effect is that one can experience a renewed facility for increasingly detailed analytical investigation of various disciplines, while equally preserving the holistic capacity to coherently integrate this diverse understanding, both within and between disciplines.
Thus a much better marriage of the rational analytic capacity with the intuitive contemplative vision is now possible.

To preserve this balance of the analytic and holistic now requires that (linear) rational understanding itself take place in a much more refined fashion where substantial balance is maintained as between both the (internal) psychological and – relatively – (external) physical aspects of understanding. This in turn greatly facilitates the preservation of an unattached attitude with respect to the dualistic appreciation of symbols.

So for example in the understanding of a scientific “object” (which externally manifests itself in experience) one clearly recognises that this “object” has essentially no meaning in the absence of the counterbalancing mental perception of the “object” phenomenon (that manifests itself in a - relative - internal psychological manner). So a pattern of balanced dynamic switching as between both physical and psychological aspects can take place eroding dualistic attachment to either aspect (in isolation).  


Q. I understand that you are presently uncovering an exciting new radial mathematical way of providing the basic scientific structure of R2. Though this is necessarily a complex area that cannot be outlined in a few paragraphs can you briefly try to elaborate?


PC Yes! In earlier work, I attempted to find a radial mathematical manner of structuring the three levels of the Upper Intermediate Band through use of the mysterious Euler Identity (perhaps the most remarkable relationship in all Mathematics). However this gradually led on to investigation of what is known as the Riemann Zeta Function (with which is associated the most famous unsolved problem in Mathematics i.e. the Riemann Hypothesis).

It gradually dawned on me that the very problems that make the Riemann Hypothesis appear so intractable are of a more deeply philosophical than strict mathematical nature. Thus proper clarification of the true nature of this Hypothesis requires a radial rather than conventional mathematical approach.


Q I understand that you intend to go into this issue in more detail elsewhere. However can you briefly comment on the significance of the Riemann Function for a radial mathematical mapping of R2?


PC It ultimately pertains to the fundamental nature of what is meant by a prime number. From a linear (analytic) perspective, prime numbers appear the most independent of all serving as the basic building blocks of the natural number system. Thus, all natural can be uniquely expressed as the product of one or more prime numbers.

However equally from a circular (holistic) perspective, the primes are the most interdependent and are intimately connected with the natural number system through their location. This aspect is highlighted for example in attempts to fully understand the distribution of the prime numbers.


The problem with conventional mathematics however is that it can only attempt to deal with each aspect separately using just one logical system, so that the fundamental nature of a prime number is thereby significantly reduced.

In other words a prime number, by its very nature, inextricably combines both linear (analytic) and circular (holistic) aspects that relate to differing logical systems.
So the nature of prime numbers cannot be understood - except in a very reduced manner - through use of a mathematical approach based on just one logical system i.e. linear asymmetrical either/or type of understanding.


Q Let me briefly attempt to illustrate the two systems! According to linear (either/or) logic, for example, a number must be either positive or negative; however in terms of circular (both/and) logic, a number is both positive and negative (with these opposite complementary opposites now having a merely relative validity)?


PC Yes! And this can be used to demonstrate the ultimate (circular) equality of form and emptiness. For when we look at form (in holistic terms represented as 1) in complementary fashion we obtain 1 – 1 = 0! We can also simply illustrate the nature of duality (based on the linear separation of opposites) So here 1 + 1 = 2 (which in holistic terms implies duality!

Whereas conventional (analytic) mathematics is largely based on linear (either/or) logic, holistic mathematics by contrast entails the dynamic complementarity of circular (both/and) logic.

Thus radial mathematics - entailing a balanced mix of both forms of understanding - is properly required to interpret the nature of prime numbers.

Though this has been my philosophical position now for many years, it is only recently that I have been able to better relate such understanding to what is conventionally known - in strict mathematical terms - about the prime numbers.


The Riemann Zeta Function is an enlargement of an earlier important series associated with Euler which relates the sum of a series involving the natural numbers to another product series that uses the primes.

Whereas the Euler series is only defined for real number powers (of the natural nos.) > 1, the Riemann Zeta Function extends this series to all complex powers (real and imaginary) except 1. This then enables even closer links to be established relating to the distribution of prime numbers (among the natural).

However, the very manner of extending the domain of definition to all complex powers (except 1) leads to very interesting problems regarding interpretation of new results for the series thereby generated.

For example in conventional linear terms, when we obtain the sum of the natural number series 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 +…..  it diverges to infinity.

However the sum of this series using the (extended) Riemann Zeta Function is finite = - 1/12.


So the question then arises as how to reconcile this new (unexpected) result with conventional (linear) understanding of number behaviour.

And what became steadily more apparent to me in studying this matter, is that the Riemann Zeta Function actually entails differing modes of interpretation (based on distinct forms of logic).

Some of these results e.g. real powers of n > 1 (as in the Euler series) basically entail linear modes of interpretation (that conform to conventional expectations regarding number behaviour).

Other results e.g. the so-called trivial zeros for negative even powers -2, -4, -6, etc. entail purely circular modes of interpretation (that conform to a logic based on the dynamic complementarity of opposites).


Yet other results e.g. the especially important non-trivial zeros entail a composite mix of both linear and circular modes of interpretation. Strictly speaking such results can only be consistent (in terms of each other) when the sum of series (entailing both modes) = 0.
In fact this is exactly the same problem that arises when we try to reconcile the (linear) diameter of a circle with its circumference. It is only when we shrink the area of the circle to zero that the diameter becomes identical with the circumference.


Q And what has all this to do with prime numbers?


The relevance of this finding to prime numbers is that by their very nature, the linear is ultimately indistinguishable from the corresponding circular aspect.

It might help to appreciate this better by reflecting on the nature of primitive instinctive behaviour (which provides the appropriate dynamic psychological context for understanding the nature of what is prime). The very essence of such behaviour is that both conscious and unconscious aspects of understanding remain completely confused with each other. Therefore specific objects of desire (amenable to conscious appreciation) cannot be distinguished from the holistic dimensional aspect of experience (amenable to unconscious understanding). So when behaviour is purely primitive, as in the earliest moments of human development, objects and dimensions remain so dynamically unstable that they cannot be distinguished from each other. Thus only a primitive void can be experienced!

However it requires understanding appropriate to the other mature extreme of experience - where objects and dimensions are fully differentiated yet properly integrated with each other - to unravel the true nature of this prime understanding.

So from a dynamic holistic psychological point of view, we can interpret the Riemann Zeta Function as entailing comprehensive mappings relating to the natural world with respect to the full range of both conscious (real) and unconscious (imaginary) aspects of experience.  And this is exactly the type of experience that unfolds with R2.

However the maintenance of appropriate integration at this level requires that due balance is preserved as between a spiritual contemplative vision and the various phenomena of form (both real and imaginary) that continually arise in experience.

So the proper reconciliation of these phenomena (relating to distinctive logical systems) requires a deep spiritual underpinning in the ability to continually return to zero i.e. emptiness (in the restoration of a pure spiritual equilibrium).

Putting it another way, the integral ability to dualistically experience the world of form (in conscious terms) equally requires the deep cleansing of all primitive instinctive behaviour (from an unconscious perspective). Otherwise all the complex phenomenal structures of experience (organised from prime components) would be subject to a degree of contamination in the form of unconscious attachment (remaining hidden at a conscious natural level)

Thus without such primitive cleansing it would be impossible to maintain spiritual peace (i.e. return to a state of phenomenal zero). In like manner the quantitative zeros (where both linear and circular interpretations of number behaviour coincide) are vital for the interpretation of prime numbers.
However this always remains of a merely approximate nature. Just as one can get ever closer to spiritual peace through increasing control of primitive instincts, leading to restoration of a zero qualitative state of spiritual equilibrium, likewise one can approximate ever closer to the true distribution of prime numbers (through the increased ability to incorporate the contribution of “higher” level quantitative zeros).


Q How do you distinguish as between the trivial and non-trivial zeros?


PC This is a very interesting point which is related to a slightly modified definition, I have made recently of what is a prime number.
In the deepest sense the two numbers 1 and 0 are the most prime. Quite literally the word prime is derived from the Latin word “primus” which means first. So 1 in this sense combined with 0 as the original number are the fundamental primes. The numbers then - conventionally referred to as prime i.e. 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, etc. - are “secondary” primes. The trivial zeros are then directly tied up with the fundamental primes where in general terms (linear) form is reconciled with (circular) emptiness. 
In psychological terms this facilitates a general contemplative approach where the most primitive instincts are reconciled with natural experience (which I identify with R1).

The non-trivial zeros relate to the secondary primes. Again in psychological terms these relate to the effect of specific primitive instincts that arise through direct involvement with natural phenomena and which threaten overall contemplative equilibrium. So the successful harmonisation of such instincts again requires attaining the zero state (where phenomenal attachment of either a voluntary or involuntary nature is nullified).
This then enables deeper immersion in the purer contemplative state (related to the trivial zeros).

Not all who attain to a pure contemplative state are destined to become subsequently immersed (through a non-attached manner) in active involvement.
Substantial experiential mastery of the trivial zeros in qualitative terms does not ensure equal mastery with respect to the non-trivial zeros. However mastery of the non-trivial zeros does facilitate return to a purer (and more balanced) contemplative equilibrium.


Q So you are recasting the Riemann Zeta Function in radial terms as a dynamic psychological model of both quantitative and qualitative number behaviour which has special relevance to R2! What is the physical counterpart of this model?


PC Well! The dynamic relevance of the physical aspect has already been better appreciated in the recognition that at the sub-atomic level of realty, particle behaviour in some important respects conforms to what is predicted by the Riemann Zeta Function.

Physical nature with respect to its intrinsic behaviour at the sub-atomic levels, becomes ever more primitive (i.e. chaotic) with both object and dimensional stability increasingly short-lived.

However what is greatly lacking is any true appreciation of what these findings entail for Mathematics. In other words the key reason why the “proof” of fundamental hypotheses with respect to prime numbers remains so elusive is that the linear logic of conventional mathematics is inappropriate to grapple with the very nature of primes. Though admittedly a great deal of progress as to the quantitative nature of prime numbers has been made it is largely of a reduced nature (that lacks corresponding qualitative appreciation).
Therefore the problems associated with prime numbers demonstrate the ultimate need for a complex radial approach to mathematics. This properly can incorporate both a real aspect based on linear logic (of a directly quantitative nature) and an imaginary aspect based on circular logic (of a directly qualitative nature).   


Q Briefly why do all the non-trivial zeros lie on the real line = ½?


PC Again the answer is directly related to the question of how to reconcile line and circle.
Imagine a circle with line diameter = 1. Then the non-dimensional point at the centre - which is common to both - will lie at ½.
Again in psychological terms this refers to the fact that the harmonisation of “new” primitive instincts – which inevitably resurface through increased active involvement in reality - requires that a fine balance be maintained as between external and internal polarities. Though ultimately these are complementary in spiritual terms, phenomenal recognition requires that they be temporarily separated in a dualistic manner.
Thus avoiding undue attachment to either pole requires that both be equally emphasised. Without this balance, one will either over identify with what is external (thus losing true objectivity with respect to the world) or alternatively over identify with what is internal (thus losing true subjectivity with respect to the self).
Equal balance with respect to both (horizontal) real poles then enables true complementarity relating to the imaginary projections (arising from the unconscious).

In other words as experience becomes progressively more refined, any momentary “high-level” imaginary attachment to what is deemed spiritual, is immediately cancelled out by complementary recognition of its corresponding “low-level” physical equivalent.

Thus the process of avoiding undue pride (through appreciation of ever more refined spiritual symbols) is thereby kept in check though a corresponding deep rooted humility (at the clear recognition of one’s weakness in the face of the promptings of - yet unreformed - physical nature).

And the key to this imaginary circular balancing of complementary (vertical) opposites is through the refined dualistic linear balancing in real terms of (horizontal) opposites.

And when both aspects are combined - in real and imaginary terms - true spiritual equilibrium can be restored.

The very nature of a primitive instinctive response is that it has become momentarily independent and thereby cut off from the rest of experience. The problem is then compounded through the confused identification of what is spiritual (relating to integration and holistic interdependence) with such a specific response.

So the task of speedily  re-establishing peace (as a state of spiritual zero) requires that one can immediately recognise that what initially appears as primitive is in fact intimately bound up with all of one’s natural experience. Thus in this very recognition, primitive attachment is lost through the - now - truly organised recognition of natural phenomena.
And as we have seen this process requires the balancing of opposite real polarities in dualistic terms enabling the complementary balancing of unconscious projections from an imaginary perspective.

There are exact parallels here with the nature of prime numbers.
A specific prime number seems the most independent (linear) type of number possible (with no factors). However from the corresponding holistic (circular) perspective the location of all prime numbers is inseparable from the natural number system.
Thus resolving the true nature of prime numbers requires resolving this paradoxical relationship of linear and circular notions.
And at the centre of the relationship between the line and the circle is the midpoint common to both (through which both are reconciled). And just as the line is literally one-dimensional, the midpoint is ½ of this dimension.
So this is the simple though very profound reason why all the non-trivial zeros lie on the real line (= ½).

Only in this way can the inherent linear and circular nature of prime numbers be properly reconciled. Here the prime numbers are the most linear and independent of all numbers (from which the natural numbers are derived). Equally they are the most circular and interdependent (so that their precise location intimately depends on the natural numbers).



Q Finally, briefly what can we say about the volitional aspect at H2?


PC We now have the increasing interpenetration of both the absolute moral vision (in continual fidelity to the Spirit) and the relative expression of specific morals (in the contingent phenomenal circumstances of life).

Both of these are intimately related to each other. The absolute moral vision provides the basis for that capacity of true discernment in all decision-making.
Equally, the authentic making of decisions enhances the quality of absolute commitment to the Spirit.

And of course this has matching physical and psychological aspects. Thus, each objective act (externally) is balanced by an appropriate subjective intention (internally).

However this does not mean that it is easy. For being true to the Spirit can sometimes lead to considerable conflict with popular notions.



R3 (Radial 3) – Creative Transformation

Q We move now on to R3. Again what are the key characteristics of this level?

PC R3 represents the most advanced mature expression of experience where increasingly committed active involvement in reality is continually integrated through a deep contemplative vision. So, at this stage one’s active involvement serves as a fitting expression of the contemplative vision attained.

This enables the finest expression of the relationship between stages as self(hood) and stages of reality to unfold where the psychological and physical aspects of the world intimately interpenetrate with each other.
This entails the mature ability to properly differentiate the (rational) analytic understanding of both aspects as relatively independent of each other with the corresponding (intuitive) holistic appreciation of their ultimate interdependence.

In turn it facilitates the most active committed type of involvement in the world of phenomenal reality with a view to its continual spiritual transformation.
Of course no one can live this stage in the most complete manner (which would require the total spiritual transformation of phenomenal creation). However it can be approximated to in various ways with perhaps the best witness provided by the saints and sages of the great mystical religions.

My own concern of course here is more limited and concerned primarily with the structural implication of this stage in cognitive terms for a comprehensive scientific understanding of reality.
However the full development of mental capacity cannot be achieved in the absence of equal development with respect to both affective and volitional aspects.
So we are moving here to the ideal of integrated balanced development with respect to the key primary modes so that wisdom (cognitive), compassion (affective) and love for all created beings (volitional) can be combined.

Q  How would you describe the science that is especially appropriate to the R3 level?

PC Bear in mind that I would not in any way describe my current approach as representative of this level! As I have stated many times before I would see it as a (preliminary) representation of the scientific approach associated with R1.  However because of a necessary interaction as between all levels, it is sill possible to give a reduced account (from the perspective of R1) of the more advanced stages.

So we can describe R3 science as the fullest integrated expression of both the mature holistic (contemplative) and analytic (rational) approaches to reality. This would enable understanding therefore that can be give a very detailed interpretation of any specific area under attention while enabling such interpretation to be properly integrated with an overall holistic view of “seeing” reality that is ultimately spiritual.
Though these facets are also developed to a considerable extent at R2, the special additional contribution of R3 is to imbue this understanding with a missionary quality in the ardent desire (and developed ability) to communicate this worldview with others.

Q So you would not distinguish the “good news” of an integrated scientific vision from the more traditional religious approach in seeking conversion to God (or whatever is deemed to represent ultimate spiritual reality)?

PC No! Of course the religious dimension - as more narrowly understood - is indeed extremely important. However we cannot divorce this aspect from scientific and artistic means of obtaining meaning.

Though religion in its purest mystical expressions represents in its greatest proponents the volitional capacity that would be appropriate to R3, it is my strong contention that both science and art (as representative directly of the cognitive and affective aspects) are still greatly undeveloped with respect to the appropriate advanced expressions of the radial levels.

Indeed - though necessarily in a very limited fashion - the main driving force behind most of my own writing is an attempt to convey some insight into the structures of the scientific worldviews that would be appropriate to the more advanced stages of understanding (beyond the middle levels).

Though it is very unfortunate indeed, the scientific and to a lesser extent artistic quest for meaning is often seen as ultimately incompatible with pure spiritual intent.
However this is due to a cultural appreciation in of these areas which is firmly rooted in a somewhat linear appreciation of the middle levels.

However notions of science and indeed of art can potentially be greatly widened to properly embrace understanding appropriate to all the levels. Therefore when the cognitive and affective aspects are properly raised (without reductionism) to an R3 appreciation, then science and art will thereby become truly inseparable from the traditional religious quest for meaning (with all speaking - from their varied perspectives - of the same Spirit).


Q So what would be your ideal model of a great future sage representing the R3 stage of development?


PC Though it will always be only possible to approximate to the more advanced features of such a level (as humans are always limited in various ways) such a person would possess the qualities of wisdom, compassion and most of all love for all created beings to a considerable degree. Now one might argue that some of the great religious figures in history already have demonstrated such qualities (even to a heroic extent). However the essential distinction that I would make is that in this sage of the future it will no longer be possible to separate the religious aspect from the equally important scientific and artistic elements. So with such a sage, scientific and artistic conversion to an appropriate spiritual experience will be equally as important as the traditional religious element.


Q So such a sage could be noted as a great scientist or perhaps a great artist?


PC Yes! Though it is important to remember that we are talking about very distinctive types of science and art (that are directly inspired by the understanding appropriate to the most advanced levels). So the ultimate goal for such a person in seeking to convert others (in religious, scientific or artistic terms) would be to attain the same experience of Spirit of which these all now speak.



Q We have talked before of the significance of the Riemann Zeta function - when given both real (analytic) and imaginary (holistic) philosophical interpretations – as a means of modelling the structures of the radial levels (especially R1 and R2).

Has this approach any significance for R3?



PC I suspect it has though I am wandering here into territory which I have not yet properly explored.


We have already given a brief radial interpretation of the significance of the trivial zeros (for R1) and the non-trivial zeros (for R2) respectively. However we have a whole vast network of other complex values for the zeta function (which are not zero). Now I would see these other values as being especially appropriate for R3.

Again the sequence of natural numbers (on which the seta function is based) is symbolic of the linear approach. So understanding (at the middle levels) is heavily based on such real (rational) understanding. However this understanding becomes slowly transformed at the more advanced levels where experience takes place in complex dimensions i.e. allowing for the interpenetration of both the real (conscious) and imaginary (unconscious) aspects of reality. Now the consideration of the zeros of the zeta function relates to the need for continual non-attachment in dealing with the manifestations of complex phenomena (pertaining to the relationship between conscious and unconscious in understanding).

However at R3, considerable freedom from such attachment will have been attained.
Therefore one can embrace without fear the indirect phenomenal manifestations of Spirit (in all their complex variations) corresponding to the holistic interpretation of the non zero solutions to the zeta function.



Q Returning briefly to the physical and psychological aspects of this level as stages of self(hood) and reality, can you go a little more deeply into what is involved in maintaining equilibrium?


PC Once again as my present understanding is grounded in - what I would see as an R1 interpretation - I can only give a somewhat reduced interpretation of this process (i.e. from the perspective of R1).


As we have seen that though internal and external appear to have clear unambiguous meanings (from a partial analytic perspective), from the holistic integral perspective they are complementary opposite poles (and ultimately identical).

Reconciling these two perspectives (analytic and holistic) requires that both internal and external understanding are properly balanced by their mirror opposite aspects with respect to both real (conscious) and imaginary (unconscious) manifestations.

This in fact entails that every phenomenon that is differentiated according to one pole (external) is quickly understood as having an opposite (internal) meaning and also every internal an opposite (external) meaning. In this way attachment to either pole (as separate) is quickly eroded leading to their common realisation as Spirit. Then such spiritual understanding (in advanced contemplative awareness) becomes the very means of fuelling awareness of additional partial phenomena in balanced manner with respect to both aspects. This then enables understanding that can be immensely active with respect to the detailed understanding of various phenomena while also remaining deeply spiritual in pure contemplative awareness.



Q Though we have been speaking mainly here of R3 from a discrete linear perspective (i.e. as the most advanced of all stages) it is important also to bear in mind its continuous circular aspect (as interdependent with all other stages). Can you briefly recap therefore on the nature of such interdependence?



PC Indeed! It is important to bear n mind that I am speaking of R3 mainly from the passive perspective where specialisation of the higher (and complementary) stages outweighs that of linear development. So the task then is to gradually bring this integral contemplative experience of higher and lower (and lower and higher) stages into a dynamic fruitful relationship with the - comparatively - less specialised middle stages.

So - again from this perspective - at R1, reconciliation of the diagonal polarities, in proper balancing of both the immanent and transcendent aspects with linear understanding takes place. This leads to a contemplative perspective on reality that is eternal and universal yet a phenomenal understanding that remains very immediate and localised. So the significant problem of finding a better active phenomenal expression of the degree of contemplative awareness already attained remains.

Then at R2 significant progress with respect to additional reconciliation of the vertical polarities of whole and part with the middle levels can take place. Thus while experience still remains deeply contemplative, more active immersion in the world of phenomenal form can occur with greater clarity as to the general nature of such involvement and the detailed practical implementation necessary to realise one’s chosen goals.

Finally at R3 the full reconciliation of remaining horizontal polarities with the middle levels can also occur. This enables highly dynamic involvement in affairs entailing suitable balance as between both the (external) physical and (internal) psychological dimensions.

However it is in the very nature of experience that when approached from the passive contemplative side that the degree of fruitful active involvement with reality - even at R3 - will tend to remain somewhat limited (with the contemplative dimension remaining dominant).


Though I have not specifically dealt with the radial levels from the alternative - and more frequent perspective - of experience that relatively more grounded in the middle levels that in contemplation, it is easy enough to characterise the general nature of development which is now characterised by the need to progressively integrate the specialised experience of the middle levels with growing contemplative awareness. R1 would here be largely confined with the reconciliation of the middle with the subtle levels of H1 (and complementary L1) respectively. Then R2 would gradually incorporate the more refined causal contemplative awareness of H2 (and L2). Finally R3 would now include the most refined nondual awareness of H3 (and L3) with the phenomenal understanding of the middle levels.

However once again when one approaches the radial stages from the specialised dualistic grounding of the middle stages, it is unlikely that full development in pure contemplative awareness will be attained.


Thus the most fruitful experience of R3 is more likely to unfold in the comparatively few cases where it is entered from an experience (where both the dual and nondual levels have already attained advanced - but balanced - development). In such cases a more creative and dynamic type of experience is likely to unfold entailing the twin processes of further reconciling contemplation with active involvement and from the other perspective such active involvement with contemplative awareness.

In the rare cases where this process is fully successful, (refined) form and emptiness remain on a fairly equal footing continually servicing each other. Thus the detailed and enriched engagement with form serves as the basis for continual transformation in the pure spiritual energy of emptiness: equally such emptiness serves as the basis for the continual creation of new transient worlds of refined form.



Q. Finally what about the three phases of R3 (that you have already mentioned in an earlier discussion on the levels of development)?



PC Briefly, the first of these phases would entail the fullest flowering of the relationship between the internal (psychological) aspect of self and the external (physical) aspect of the world.
The next stage, with greater problems and suffering in evidence, would probably lead to a stronger focus on the internal aspect with the final stage even lessening emphasis on this pole in a return to more purely contemplative awareness experienced in the midst of negative form (i.e. with continual greater suffering relating to both physical and psychological aspects likely to be in evidence).

However we cannot be too precise here as individual experience and temperament can vary greatly.

Finally to put these horizontal aspects of stages as self(hood) and reality properly into perspective we must also look at the vertical aspects of stages as structures and states and the diagonal aspect of stages as both body and mind in greater detail.  

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